The force generation can be intuitively associated with the vorticity field, which can be gathered with computational fluid dynamics or particle image velocimetry. This paper aims to address this issue by proposing a paradigm based on established concepts in theoretical fluid mechanics, and impulse theory in particular. Therefore, there is a need to develop an intuitive understanding of the force generation mechanism that does not rely on these assumptions. In fact, when massive flow separation occurs, the underlying assumptions of thin airfoil theory and lifting line theory are violated and the concept of bound circulation cannot be applied. However, the common understanding of the lift generation mechanism holds only for attached flow conditions. Fins, wings, blades and sails can generate lift and drag in both attached and separated flow conditions.
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